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The twist drill bit is the one kind of cutting tool used to remove material to produce holes, which are almost always round. They include a cutting point at the tip of a cylindrical shaft with a spiral flute. The flute allows the chips to be removed from the hole. If the twist drills are made of high-speed steel (HSS), we will call it an HSS twist drill bit.
High-speed steel (HSS) is a kind of tool steel. HSS twist drills are harder and more heat resistant than high carbon steel bits. High-speed steel drills have higher cutting speeds than high-carbon steel drills and have primarily replaced carbon steel.
Generally, the HSS twist drills can be divided into HSS tapered shank twist drill, HSS straight shank twist drill, and other HSS drill bits
The shaft of the taper shank drill chuck is usually Morse taper, and the size of the taper shank drill should conform to the diameter of the drill bit defined by the Morse taper shank standard. This design allows the chuck assembly to be disassembled and replaced directly with a Morse taper shank.
The taper shank HSS twist drills are suitable for direct installation in the taper spindle hole of drilling machines and other machines. Other main features are:
HSS Straight shank drill bits are almost the most commonly used and most manufactured types on modern bits. The most noticeable feature is that the shaft and shank of the entire drill bit have nearly the same diameter. It is usually fixed in a three-jaw drill chuck.
Features of parallel shank HSS twist drills include:
A reduce shank HSS twist drills are a little similar to a straight shank twist drill.
If A twist drill with a smaller diameter may not be clamped securely, so the shank diameter of a straight shank drill may be larger than the width of the drill at this time so that it can be firmly fixed in a standard size collet or chuck.
The shank diameter of a significant straight shank drill bit may be narrower than the drill diameter, so it can be installed in a chuck that cannot hold the entire diameter. Such twist drill bits are called low-tooth drills or blacksmith drills.
Such a twist drill bit is called a reduced-shank twist drill.
HSS Twist Drill
Cobalt twist drill
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What is HSS twist drill used for？
HSS twist drills can be used remove material to drill holes in steel, stainless steel, cast steel, hardened steel, cast iron, sintered iron, malleable cast iron, wood, and non-ferrous metal material workpieces
What are the types of twist drill?
By shank: straight shank, taper shank, and reduce shank twist drill bits.
By material: HSS drill and carbide drill bits.
By length: jobber length, long length, and extra-long length twist drill bits
What is the point angle of a twist drill?
118 degrees, 130 degrees, 135 degrees, 140 degrees.
But The most common point angle of a twist drill bit is 118 degrees. 118 degrees twist drill can be used in wood, metal, plastic, and most other materials.
What types of helix angles exist in twist drills?
Running hexlix angle is 15 degree, 30 dgree, 38 degree.
What is the reason for weak cutting edge of Twist Drill?
The lip clearance angle is too small, the cutting edge will be weak. Generally, for the lip clearance angle, we will suggest 8-10 degree. If it is too big, the drill bit will be easy to break.
What two types of shanks are commonly found on twist drills?
From the shank, it has straight shank and taper shank. Straight shank also called Parallel Shank drill bit.
What are the functions of flutes on a twist drill?
In order to form a suitable cutting edge space, the subsidiary function is to form a chip removal channel.
How many flutes are in a twist drill?
2 Flute
What is a HSS drill bit used for?
It’s used for drilling on metal, and can be used on drilling machines, lathes, milling machines, hand drills and other tools.
What is the difference between HSS and SDS drill bits?
They are used on different materials. HSS is used on metal, while SDS is used on concrete.
Can you use HSS drill bit masonry?
No, hss drill bit is used on Metal.
Are cobalt drill bits better than HSS?
Yes, cobalt drill bits are harder, with higher precision and more wear-risisting. And they belong to middle- high HSS drill bits.
The main parts of HSS twist drills are point angle, main cutting edge, cut chisel edge, cut point and point thinning, flute, guide chamfer, secondary cutting edge, and helix angle. But fo you know the primary function of each part?
Why is it important to know their functions: Different materials have different requirements for drilling tools. Therefore, choosing the HSS twist drills with suitable parts is very important to the drilling results.
The point angle is located on the head of a twist drill. The role of point angle is mainly to center the twist drill in the material.
If the point angle is smaller, it is easier to center in the workpiece. It also reduces the risk of sliding on the surface of the workpiece.
The larger the point angle, the shorter the drilling time. But more pressure is required, and it is also harder to center.
Twist drills always have two main cutting edges, and the primary function of the main cutting edge is to control the actual drilling process. Long cutting edges have higher cutting performance than short cutting edges
The cutting edge of the chisel is located in the center of the drill tip. It has no cutting function. Its primary purpose is to connect the two main cutting edges of the twist drill, so it is essential to the structure of the twist drill.
The Cut chisel edge is in charge of entering the material, exerting pressure and friction on the material.
The thinning is mainly to reduce the chisel edge at the top of the twist drill. And its primary function is to reduce friction.
Therefore, thinning is the decisive factor for centering the twist drill.
The primary function of flutes is to remove chips
The wider the flute profile, the better the chip absorption and removal.
Insufficient chip function will result in higher heat generation, which will lead to damage to the twist drill.
Generally speaking, a twist drill has two flutes.
Two guide chamfers are located on the flutes. Their primary function is to guide the twist drill to work smoothly in the driller. The guide chamfer can also work on the side of the borehole, and the properties of the chamfer also determine the quality of the borehole wall
The primary function of the secondary cutting edge is to release and cut the chips stuck to the material.
The essential feature of twist drills is that they have a helix angle. The helix angle will determine the chip formation process.
A larger helix angle can better remove long chips of soft materials. The smaller helix angle is more suitable for removing short chips of hard materials.
Twist drills with a small helix angle (10°-19°) usually have a long spiral.
The twist drill with a large helix angle (27°-45°) has a shorter spiral. The helix angle of standard twist drills is generally 19°-40°.
